1. Isingeniso Sezikhwama Ezilukiwe Nobuchwepheshe Bazo Bokucubungula
Izikhwama ezilukiwe zepulasitiki zenziwe ngokuyinhloko nge-polypropylene (PP), ekhiqizwa ngokusebenzisa i-extrusion, ukudweba nge-filament, ukuluka, kanye nokwenza izikhwama. I-PP iyi-thermoplastic ecacile kancane, e-semi-crystalline enamandla aphezulu, ukuvikela okuhle, ukumuncwa kwamanzi okuphansi, izinga lokushisa lokushisa eliphezulu, ubuningi obuphansi, kanye ne-crystallinity ephezulu, okwenza kube yizinto ezisetshenziswayo eziyinhloko zezikhwama ezilukiwe. Ama-filler aguquliwe ngokuvamile afaka i-fiber yengilazi, ama-filler amaminerali, kanye nerabha ye-thermoplastic.
Izikhwama ezilukiwe zepulasitiki zinezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezahlukene. Njengamanje, zisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukupakisha imikhiqizo yezolimo, ukupakisha izikhwama zesamente, ukupakisha ukudla, ubunjiniyela be-geotechnical, ezokuthutha ezokuvakasha, kanye nezinto zokulawula izikhukhula.
Izikhwama ezilukiwe zihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezigaba ezintathu: izikhwama zepulasitiki ezilukiwe (izikhwama ezilukiwe ezingenalaminati), izikhwama zepulasitiki ezilukiwe ezihlanganisiwe, kanye nezindwangu ezahlukahlukene ezilukiwe.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ipulasitikiizikhwama ezilukiweKungokulandelayo: indwangu elukiwe iyaphrintwa, isikwe, futhi ithungwe ukuze ibe izikhwama ezilukiwe. Kuye ngemishini esetshenziswayo, ukusika kungenziwa ngaphambi kokuphrinta, noma ukuphrinta kungenziwa ngaphambi kokusika. Ukusika nokuthunga okuzenzakalelayo kungaqedela njalo izinqubo zokuphrinta, ukusika, kanye nokuthunga. Kungakhiqiza futhi izikhwama zamavalvu, izikhwama ezigcwaliswe phansi, njll. Ngezindwangu ezilukiwe ezilula, ukubopha phakathi komthungo kungenziwa ngaphambi kokwenza izikhwama.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza i-compositeizikhwama zepulasitiki ezilukiwekuhilela ukunamathisela noma ukumboza indwangu elukiwe, izinto zokumboza, kanye nephepha noma ifilimu. Indwangu eyisicaba noma yeshidi ephumayo ingasikwa, iphrintwe, futhi ithungwe ukuze kwenziwe izikhwama ezijwayelekile ezithungwe phansi. Ingaphinde ibhotshozwe, iboshwe, inqunywe, iphrintwe, futhi ithungwe ukuze kwenziwe izikhwama zesamente. Indwangu yeshidi ephumayo ingaba yisibopho esiphakathi nendawo, iphrintwe, inqunywe, futhi inamathiselwe phansi ukuze kwenziwe izikhwama ezinamathiselwe phansi. Ingashintshwa futhi igoqwe ukuze kwenziwe ama-tarpaulins nama-geotextiles.
Izindwangu ezilukiwe ezivamile zingambozwa noma zingambozwa ukuze kukhiqizwe ama-tarpaulin, ama-geotextile, njll. Izindwangu ezithambile nazo zingadabuka futhi zimbozwe noma zingambozwa ukuze kukhiqizwe ama-tarpaulin noma ama-geotextile, njll.
2. Izindlela kanye Namasu Okucubungula Izikhwama Ezilukiwe
2.1 Ukwakheka kwe-granulation
Ukwakheka kwepulasitiki kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekucutshungulweni komkhiqizo wepulasitiki. Izinto eziningi zokusetshenziswa zepulasitiki zidinga ukwakheka kwepulasitiki ngemva kokwenziwa ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, futhi lobu buchwepheshe buthinta ngqo ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yepulasitiki. Inqubo eyinhloko yokwakheka kwepulasitiki ifaka: ukuhlanganisa, ukukhipha, ukuhlunga, ukupholisa amanzi, ukudonsa, ukufaka i-pelletizing, ukomisa, kanye nokupakisha.
Impuphu ye-polypropylene, izithasiselo ezahlukahlukene, kanye ne-calcium carbonate esebenzayo kwengezwa ku-mixer yesivinini esikhulu ngesilinganiso esithile kanye nokulandelana. Ngemva kokuxuba ngesivinini esiphansi kuya kwesiphezulu isikhathi esithile, ingxube ifakwa ku-hopper bese ihanjiswa nge-screw feeder. Izinto zingena emgqonyeni ngokusebenzisa indawo yokuphakelayo, lapho zincibilikiswa khona futhi zifakwe ipulasitiki yi-barrel kanye ne-screw, zikhishwa njalo futhi zizinzile zibe yizicucu. Izicucu ziyapholiswa futhi zibunjwe ethangini lamanzi, bese zisuswa umswakama ngumdlali osusa umswakama, zipholiswe ngumdlali, bese zifakwa i-pelletizer. Ngemva kokuhlolwa ngesikrini esidlidlizayo, izicucu zihanjiswa ngumdlali ohambisayo embhedeni osusa umswakama ukuze komiswe umbhede osusa umswakama. Ekugcineni, izicucu zingena ethangini lezinto, bese i-feeder imunca izinto ezivela ethangini ziye ethangini lokugcina. Ngemva kokuba ama-pellets edlulile ekuhlolweni, apakishwa ngobuningi, kuqedela yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza. 2.2 Ukudweba Ukudweba umugqa, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukudweba umugqa oyisicaba noma ukusika ifayibha, kuyinqubo ebalulekile emigqeni yokukhiqiza izikhwama ezilukiwe; Ngokufanayo, iyunithi yokudweba intambo iyithuluzi eliyinhloko lesitshalo sokukhiqiza izikhwama ezilukiwe. Ikhwalithi yenqubo yokudweba intambo ithinta ngqo ikhwalithi yangaphakathi neyangaphandle yomkhiqizo.
Inqubo yentambo eyisicaba ihlanganisa: ukuguqulwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuxuba, ukufaka umbala, ukugcwalisa, ukwakheka, izinkinga zokulwa nokuguga kanye nokulwa nokubola, izinga lokushisa, ingcindezi, kanye nokulawulwa kwesilinganiso sokugeleza ngesikhathi sokukhipha, ukuziphatha kwe-rheological ngesikhathi sokukhipha, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nezinkinga zesivuno, isilinganiso sokudonsa, isilinganiso sokuqhuma, isilinganiso sokudonsa, ukupholisa kwe-crystallization, ukuqondisa, ukwelashwa kokushisa kanye nezinkinga zokubumba, ukwakheka ngesikhathi sokugoqa, kanye nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yama-spindle entambo.
Ngemva kokuba izinto zokusetshenziswa zingene ku-extruder, zifakwa ekushiseni kwangaphandle ku-190-250℃ kanye nokusikwa phakathi kwesikulufu nomgqomo. Ngemva kokufakwa cishe ngokuphelele kwepulasitiki, izinto zikhishwa ngobuningi nangaphansi kwengcindezi engaguquki. Ngemva kokwakheka ekhanda le-die, ziba ifilimu encibilikisiwe engena emanzini apholile. Ngemva kokupholisa, ifilimu inqunywa ibe yizicucu ngama-blades. Izicucu zibe sezinwetshwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kuhhavini okushisa okuphezulu kuze kube yilapho zenza izicucu ezisicaba. Intambo eyisicaba ibese ifakwa ekushiseni kuma-roller ashisayo, inciphe ngesivinini esiphansi sokudonswa, bese icutshungulwa emazingeni okushisa aphansi ngama-roller abandayo. Ekugcineni, iboshwe ibe yisimo ngohlelo lokugoqa oluhlukile.
Izinqubo zokukhiqiza uboya obuyisicaba zingahlukaniswa ngendlela yokwakheka kwefilimu (ifilimu yeshubhu, ifilimu eyisicaba); ngendlela yokupholisa ngemuva kwefilimu (ukupholisa umoya, ukupholisa amanzi, kanye nokupholisa ngezikhathi ezithile); ngendlela yokudweba nokushisa (ipuleti elishisayo, ama-roller ashisayo, umoya oshisayo); kanye nangendlela yokubopha i-spindle (ukubopha i-cycloidal okuphakathi, ukugoqa kwe-single-spindle torque motor, kanye nokubhoqa i-magnetic torque).
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-05-2026