Amakhasimende amaningi ngewebhusayithi yethu acela iseluleko ngocingo mayelana nokuthandwa kwezinhlobo zezikhwama ezilukiwe, bese namuhla isikhwama esilukiwe saseDongLai iXiaobian ukuchaza ukuthandwa kwezinhlobo zezikhwama ezilukiwe.
Izinhlobo zezikhwama ezilukiwe
Izikhwama ezilukiwe zibizwa nangokuthi izikhwama zesikhumba sezinyoka. Luhlobo lwepulasitiki, olusetshenziswa kakhulu ekupakisheni. Izinto zokusetshenziswa ngokuvamile ziyi-polyethylene, i-polypropylene nezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa zepulasitiki zamakhemikhali. Nasi isingeniso esifushane sohlobo lwesikhwama esilukiwe kanye nokusetshenziswa kwaso.
I-Polyethylene iyinto eyinhloko yokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yangaphandle, i-polypropylene iwumkhiqizo oyinhloko wekhaya. I-resin ye-thermoplastic eyenziwe nge-polymerization ye-ethylene. Embonini, ihlanganisa nama-copolymer e-ethylene anenani elincane le-α-olefin. I-Polyethylene ayinaphunga, ayinabo ubuthi, ine-wax, inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushisa okuphansi (izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokusebenza kufika ku--70 ~ -100 ℃), ukuzinza okuhle kwamakhemikhali, ukumelana kakhulu nokugqwala kwe-asidi ne-alkali (ukumelana ne-asidi, i-oxidation), ukungancibiliki ezinyibilikisini ezijwayelekile ekushiseni kwegumbi, ukumuncwa kwamanzi okuphansi, ukusebenza kahle kokushisa kukagesi; Kodwa-ke, i-polyethylene iyazwela kakhulu ekucindezelweni kwemvelo (imiphumela yamakhemikhali neyemishini) futhi inokumelana okuncane nokuguga kokushisa. Izakhiwo ze-polyethylene ziyahlukahluka kusukela kohlobo kuya kolunye, ikakhulukazi kuye ngesakhiwo sama-molecule kanye nobuningi. Izindlela ezahlukene zokukhiqiza zingaveza ubuningi obuhlukene (0.91-0.96g/cm3). I-Polyethylene ingacutshungulwa ngendlela efanayo naleyo amapulasitiki avamile e-thermoplastic abunjwa ngayo (bheka ukucutshungulwa kwepulasitiki). Isetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizweni kwamafilimu, izitsha, amapayipi, ucingo olulodwa, ucingo kanye nekhebula, izidingo zansuku zonke, njll. Ingasetshenziswa njengezinto zokuvikela ezivame kakhulu ze-TV, i-radar, njll. Ngokuthuthuka kwemboni yamakhemikhali kaphethiloli, ukukhiqizwa kwe-polyethylene kuthuthuke ngokushesha, okubalwa cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezine yemikhiqizo yepulasitiki iyonke. Ngo-1983, umthamo wokukhiqiza we-polyethylene emhlabeni wonke wawungamathani angu-24.65, kanti isitshalo esakhiwayo sasinamandla angamathani angu-3.16.
I-Polypropylene (PP)
I-resin ye-thermoplastic eyenziwe yi-polymerization ye-propylene. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokucushwa, okungukuthi, i-isotopic ephelele, i-atactic kanye ne-indirect. Imikhiqizo yezimboni yakhiwe kakhulu ngezakhiwo ze-isotopic. I-Polypropylene ihlanganisa ne-copolymer ye-propylene kanye nenani elincane le-ethylene. Ngokuvamile iyi-solid ekhanyayo, engenambala, engenaphunga futhi engenabuthi. Ngenxa yemithetho yayo yesakhiwo, i-crystallinity ephezulu, iphuzu lokuncibilika kufika ku-167 ℃, ukumelana nokushisa. Njengoba inobuningi obungu-0.90g/cm3, iyipulasitiki elula kakhulu eguquguqukayo. Ukumelana nokugqwala, amandla okuthamba angu-30MPa, amandla, ukuqina kanye nokucaca kungcono kune-polyethylene. Inkinga ukuthi ukumelana nomthelela ophansi ekushiseni kubi, kulula ukuguga, kodwa kungashintshwa futhi kwengezwe i-antioxidant ukuze kunqotshwe.
Umbala wesikhwama esilukiwe umhlophe noma awumhlophe ngokuphelele, awunabo ubuthi futhi awunambitheki, umonakalo emzimbeni womuntu ngokuvamile mncane. Nakuba senziwe ngepulasitiki ehlukahlukene yamakhemikhali, kodwa sivikela imvelo kakhulu, sinamandla okuvuselela kabusha;
Isikhwama esilukiwe sisetshenziswa kabanzi, sisetshenziswa kakhulu ekupakisheni izimpahla ezahlukahlukene, futhi sisetshenziswa kabanzi embonini;
Isikhwama esilukiwe sepulasitiki esine-polypropylene resin njengezinto eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa, sinwebeka futhi sinwetshwe sibe yintambo eyisicaba, bese silukwa sibe yisikhwama.
Isikhwama sepulasitiki esihlanganisiwe esilukiwe esinendwangu yepulasitiki elukiwe njengesisekelo, ngokusebenzisa ukubumba okugelezayo.
Isetshenziselwa ukupakisha impuphu noma izinto eziqinile ezihlanganisiwe kanye nezinto eziguquguqukayo. Isikhwama esilukiwe sepulasitiki esihlanganisiwe sihlukaniswe kabili esikhwameni esisodwa kanye nesithathu esikhwameni esisodwa ngokwendlela eyinhloko yokwakheka kwezinto.
Ngokwendlela yokuthunga, ingahlukaniswa ngesikhwama sokuthunga esingezansi, isikhwama sokuthunga esiseceleni, isikhwama sokufaka kanye nesikhwama sokuthunga esimbozwe ngeglue.
Kuye ngobubanzi obusebenzayo besikhwama, singahlukaniswa sibe ngu-450, 500, 550, 600, 650 kanye no-700 mm. Izinhlangothi zombili zizovumelana ngemininingwane ekhethekile.
Ngenhla ukuthandwa kwezimonyo ezincane kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokuqedwa kwesikhwama esilukiwe, ngokwabelana ngokuqukethwe, kanye nokwanda kwezinhlobo zesikhwama esilukiwe, uma ufuna ukungena ngokujulile esikhwameni solwazi lwemakethe, ungaxhumana nomthengisi enkampanini yethu, noma uphenyo lwe-East kanye nesikhwama esilukiwe khona manjalo, ukuxhumana okuxoxiswana ngakho kuxoxwa ngakho kuleli phepha.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-15-2021